VI. Meadows

1. Big Pine Meadow

Collection Dates:
June 19, 1997
July 17, 1997
October 16, 2008

Location:
Los Angeles County, Big Pine, at s.w. jnct. of hwy 2, Table Mt. Rd. & Big Pines Rd.; immediately s. of hwy. 2
Map Quad: Mescal Creek
Lat: 34 deg. 22 ‘ 43 “
Long: 117 deg. 41 ‘ 29 “
Township: 3 N
Range: 8 W
Section: 2, SW/4 of NW/4
Elevation: 6760 ft 2061 m.
Meadow description:
stream running through southern part of meadow
Plant communities: wet & dry portions of meadow surrounded by montane coniferous

Species List:
* Collected on Oct. 16, 2008 - verification pending

Ferns & Their Allies:

Dennstaedtiaceae Bracken Family
*Pteridium aquilinum (L.) Kuhn. R, n.e. area, margin

Equisitaceae Scouring Rush Family
Equisetum laevigatum A. Braun, Smooth Horsetail or Scouring Rush FC, mostly in n. area

Gymnosperms:

Pinaceae Pine Family
*Abies concolor (Gorden & Glend.) Lindley, White Fir NC U, margins
*Pinus jeffreyi Brev. & Baulf., Jeffrey Pine NC FC, margins

Dicotyledons:

Asteraceae Sunflower Family
*Achillia millifolium L., White Yarrow, Common Yarrow FC
*Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook., Annual Bur-sage, Flatspine Bur Ragweed FC, mostly in n. area
*Artemisia dracunculus L. Tarragon FC, margins, mostly in the n. area
*Artemisia ludoviciana Nutt., Silver Wormwood, White Sagebrush FC, mostly in n.e. area
Erigeron divergens Torrey & A. Gray, Spreading Fleabane R, s.e. area, 6 plants
*Lactuca serriola L., Prickly lettuce U
*Tragopogon dubius Scop., Yellow Salsify R, 3 plants in far n. area

Brassicaceae Mustard Family
Barbarea orthoceras Ledeb., American Yellowrocket C
*Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Fossat, Shortpod Mustard U, mostly n. area
*Sisymbrium altissimum L., Jim Hill Mustard, Tall Tumble Mustard? NC A

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family
*Symphoricarpos rotundifolius A. Gray var. parishii (Rydb.) Dempster, Parish’s Snowberry U, margins

Chenopodiaceae Goosefoot Family
Chenopodium fremontii S. Watson, Fremont’s Goosefoot ? NC C Chenopodium botrys L., Jerusalem Oak, Goosefoot NC R, far n. area
Salsola tragus L., Tumbleweed, Russian Thistle NC R, far n. area

Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family
*Chamaesyce sp. U, far n. area

Fabaceae Pea Family
*Lotus crassifolius (Benth.) E. Greene, Broad-leaved Lotus, Big Deervetch
NC R, w. area
Lupinus latifolius J. Agardh., Broadleaf Lupine U
*Medicago sp. R, far n. area
*Melilotus indica (L.) All., Sourclover, Annual Yellow Sweetclover
NC FC
Trifolium willdenovii Sprengel, Tomcat Clover FC, dry
Trifolium wormskioldii Lehm., Cows Clover R, c. area

Fagaceae Oak Family
*Quercus kelloggii Newb., California Black Oak NC U, margins

Grosulariaceae Gooseberry Family
*Ribes sp. U, margins

Lamiaceae Mint Family
Stachys albens A. Gray, Cobwebby Hedge-nettle, Whitestem Hedgenettle
A

Onagraceae Evening Primrose Family
Epilobium ciliatum Raf., Fringed Willowherb ? FC Epilobium brachycarpum C. Presl, Autumn Willowweed, Tall Annual Willowherb
FC

Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family
Rumex salicifolius J.A. Weinm., Willow Dock FC

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family
*Thalictrum fendleri A. Gray var. polycarpum Torrey, Fendler’s Meadowrue R, far s. area

Rosaceae Rose Family
Potentilla glandulosa Lindley ssp. reflexa/glandulosa (discrepancy - determination pending)
FC, dry
Potentilla glandulosa Lindley ssp. nevadensis (S. Watson) Keck, Nevada Cinquefoil
C
Potentilla gracilis Hook. var. fastigiata (Nutt.) S. Watson, Slender Cinquifoil A
*Rosa sp. C, mostly in margins

Salicaceae Willow Family
*Salix sp. FC, mostly n. & s. areas

Scrophulariaceae Snapdragon Family
*Mimulus guttatus DC., Common Monkeyflower, Seep Monkeyflower
NC R, far n. area
*Veronica anagallis-aquatica L., Water Speedwell R, far n. area

Urticaceae Nettle Family
*Urtica dioica L. ssp. holosericea (Nutt.) Thorne, Hoary or Stinging Nettle U

Monocotyledons:

Cyperaceae Sedge Family
Carex sp. A
Carex sp. U, mostly dry areas
Carex schottii ? C, Mostly s. & c. areas

Juncaceae Rush Family
Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. littoralis (Engelm.) Hulten, Wire Rush, Mountain Rush
A
*Juncus bufonius L., Toad Rush R, far n. area
Juncus saximontanus Nelson, Rocky Mountain Rush FC

Liliaceae Lily Family
Veratrum californicum Durand var. californicum, California False Hellebore U, 2 pop., 1 in s.e. area and 1 in n.w. area

Poaceae Grass Family
Agrostis sp. ?, dry
Agrostis stolonifera L., Creeping Bentgrass A
Alopecurus praetensis L., Meadow Foxtail R, 1 pop. in c. area
Bromus carinatus Hook. & Arn., California Brome ? R, 1 pop. in c. area & 1 in n.e. area
* Bromus tectorum L., Downy Brome, Cheat Grass NC R, n.e. area
Dactylis glomerata L., Orchard-grass U
Elymus sp. A
Leymus triticoides (Buckl.) Pilg., Beardless Wildrye A
Phleum pratense L., (Cultivated) Timothy U, dry

Additional plants recorded by other collectors:
1. Allophyllum integrifolium (Brand) A.D. Grant & V. Grant, White False Gilyflower
R.F. Thorne, M.Z. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6800 ft.
2. Calochortus invenustus E. Greene, Plain Mariposa Lily
R.F. Thorne, M.Z. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6860 ft.
3. Collinsia torreyi A. Gray var. wrightii (S. Watson) I.M. Johnston, Wright’s Collinsia or Blue-eyed Mary
R.F. Thorne, M.Z. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6850 ft.
4. Crepis acuminata Nutt., Long-leaved Hawksbeard, Tapertip Hawksbeard
R.F. Thorne, M.Z. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6850 ft.
5. Geranium richardsonii Fischer & Trautv.
R.F. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6850 ft.
upper part of large sloping meadow at Big Pines
6. Phacelia ramosissima Lehm. var. ramosissima, Branching Phacelia
R.F. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6850 ft.
upper part of large sloping meadow at Big Pines
7. Poa trivialis L., Rough Bluegrass
R.F. Thorne July 9, 1969 elev. 6800 ft.
8. Polygonum douglasii E. Greene ssp. douglasii
R.F. Thorne, S.W. Tilforth, S. Nielson
July 2, 1972 elev. 6850 ft.

Plants in order of abundance:
1. Agrostis stolonifera
2. Carex sp.
3. Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis
4. Elymus sp.
5. Potentilla gracilis
6. Achillea millifolium
7. Rosa sp.
8. Sisymbrium altissimum
9. Chenopodium sp
10. Stachys albens
11. Barbarea orthoceras
12. Rumex hymenoseplus
13. Carex shottii ?

2. Clyde Ranch

Collection Date:
August 25, 1994
October 23, 2008

Location:
San Bernardino County, Swarthout Valley, east of Wrightwood
Map Quad: Telegraph Peak
Lat: 34 deg. 19 ‘ 24 “
Long: 117 deg. 33 ‘ 54 “
Township: 3 N
Range: 7 W
Section: 25, NE/4 of NW/4
Elevation: 4920 ft.
Meadow description:
Plant communities: wet meadow, riparian, surrounded by chaparral
Note: Mr. Clyde stated that the water table has been rising here the last few years. The west end of the east Apple Orchard is now at water table level with damp surface soil.

Species List:
*Collected on Oct. 23, 2008, awaiting verification/identification
Note - Apple orchard is included in the survey area as it is only minimally maintained and is overrun with native as well as introduced species.

Ferns And Their Allies:

Equisitaceae Scouring Rush Family
Equisetum hyemale L., Common Scouring Rush, Horsetail FC

Gymnosperms:

Pinaceae Pine Family
Abies concolor (Gorden & Glend.) Lindley, White Fir NC 1 tree at s. margin of meadow
Pinus jeffreyi Brev. & Baulf., Jeffrey Pine NC 2 trees at s. margin of meadow

Dicotyledons:

Asclepiadaceae Milkweed Family
Asclepias fascicularis Decne., Narrow-leaf Milkweed, Mexican Whorled Milkweed NC U

Asteraceae Sunflower Family
Ambrosia acanthicarpa Hook., Annual Bur-sage, Flatspine Bur Ragweed FC, mostly in n.w. area
Ambrosia psilostachya DC., Western Ragweed, Cuman Ragweed A
*Artemisia douglaiana R, s. area at slope
*Artemisia dracunculus L., Tarragon C
*Artemisia tridentata FC, margins
Cirsium vulgare (Savi) Ten., Bull Thistle U
*Conyza canadensis (L.) Cronq., Canadian Horseweed R
*Ericameria nauseosa U
*Euthamia occidentalis Nutt., Western Goldenrod or Goldentop, Western Flat-topped Goldenrod A
*Lactuca serriola L., Prickly Lettuce A
Pseudognaphalium stramineum(Kunth.) Anderb., Cotton-batting Plant U
Solidago spectabilis (D.C. Eaton) A. Gray, Southern Goldenrod, Nevada Goldenrod
U
*Stephanomeria sp. R
Symphyotrichum lanceolatum (Willd.) G.L. Nesom A

Brassicaceae Mustard Family
Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Fossat, Shortpod Mustard C, mostly in e. area
Nasturtium officinale W.T. Aiton, Water Cress NC U

Caprifoliaceae Honeysuckle Family
*Lonicera sp. R, n. slope
*Sambucus nigra L., Elderberry R

Chenopodiaceae Goosefoot Family
*Chenopodium sp. U

Convolvulaceae Morning Glory Family
Convolvulus arvensis L., Orchard Morning-Glory, Field Bindweed U

Euphorbiaceae Spurge Family
Chamaesyce serpylifolia (Pers.) Small ssp. serpylifolia, Thymeleaf Spurge (Sandmat)
U, e. area

Fabaceae Pea Family
Lotus oblongifolius (Benth.) E. Greene var. oblongifolius, Streambank Lotus (Bird’s-foot Trefoil) R, s.c. area
Melilotus indica (L.) All., Sourclover, Annual Yellow Sweetclover
NC A
*Melilotus officinalis (L.) Lam., White Sweetclover A

Fagaceae Oak Family
* Quercus wislizeni R, s. margin

Garyaceae Silktassel Bush Family
*Garya sp. U, margins

Lamiaceae Mint Family
Marrubium vulgare L., Horehound FC
Nepeta cataria L., Catnip FC, in east Apple Orchard
Stachys albens A. Gray, Cobwebby Hedge-nettle, Whitestem Hedgenettle
FC

Lythraceae Loosestrife Family
Lythrum californicum Torrey & A. Gray, California Loose-strife R, n.c. area near residence

Onagraceae Evening Primrose Family
*Epilobium canum (E.Greene) Raven, California Fuchsia R in s. area, FC on n. slope of orchard
Epilobium ciliatum Raf., Fringed Willowherb FC
Oenothera elata Kunth., Hooker’s Evening Primrose NC FC

Plantaginaceae Plantain Family
*Plantago major L., Common Plantain R, far w. area

Polygonaceae Buckwheat Family
Rumex crispus L., Curly Dock U

Ranunculaceae Buttercup Family
Clematis ligusticifolia Nutt., Virgin’s Bower, Yerba De Chiva, Western White Clematis U, n.c. area of apple orchard

Rosaceae Rose Family
Prunus virginiana L. var. demissa (Nutt.) Torrey, Western Choke-cherry R, ca. 30-50 plants n. of e. end of e. apple orchard
*Rosa sp. FC, margins

Salicaceae Willow Family
*Salix sp. U, s.w. area
Salix exigua Nutt., Slender Sandbar Willow, Narrowleaf Willow FC, along creek bottom to the n. of e. Apple Orchard & in c.s. portion of the apple orchard, not found in meadow
Salix laseolepis Benth., Arroyo Willow FC

Scrophulariaceae Snapdragon Family
*Cordylanthus sp. C
Mimulus guttatus DC. Common Monkeyflower, Seep Monkeyflower U, s.w. area
Penstemon rostrifolius Kellogg, Beaked Penstemon, Bridge’s Penstemon R, s.w. area at margin of meadow

Urticaceae Nettle Family
Urtica dioica L. ssp. holosericia (Nutt.) Thorne, Hoary or Stinging Nettle NC U

Verbenaceae Vervain Family
Verbena lasiostachys Link, Vervain C

Viscaceae Mistletoe Family
Phoradendron villosum (Nutt.) Nutt., Oak Mistletoe, Pacific Mistletoe R, on Prunus virginiana, only 1 tree observed to be infested

Monocotyledons:

Cyperaceae Sedge Family
*Eleocharis sp. C, n. w. area
Eleocharis montevidensis/parishii (discrepancy - determination pending) FC
*Schoenoplectus sp. R, 1 pop. in central n. area with Schoenus nigricans
Schoenus nigricans L., Black Sedge or Bogrush R, n.c. area near residence, Mr. Clyde stated that his family sold peat, in the past, dug up from this location only, this is apparently the only location for S. nigricans in the meadow owned by Bob Clyde
Also collected by:
F.W. Peirson, Aug. 30, 1932, elev. 1479 m.
R.F. Thorne, date uncertain

Juncaceae Rush Family
*Juncus sp. R, far s.c. area
Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. littoralis (Engelm.) Hulten, Wire Rush, Mountain Rush
A
*Juncus textilis Buchenau, Basket Rush R, far e. area and n. slope of apple orchard
Juncus xiphioides E. Meyer, Irisleaf Rush U

Orchidaceae Orchid Family
Epipactis gigantea Hook., Stream Orchid NC U

Poaceae Grass Family
Agrostis stolonifera L., Creeping Bentgrass C
*Bromus diandrus Roth, Ripgut or Brome Grass A, mostly in far e. area
Bromus tectorum L., Downy Brome, Cheat Grass NC A
Elymus glaucus Buckley, Blue Wildrye U, e. area of e. Apple Orchard (dry)
Elymus trachycaulus (Link) Shinn ssp. trachycaulus, Wheatgrass FC
Hordeum jubatum L., Foxtail Barley R, s.w. area
Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Meyer) L. Parodi, Scratchgrass C
Muhlenbergia rigens (Benth.) A. Hitchc., Deergrass U
Poa praetensis L., Kentucky Bluegrass FC

Typhaceae Cattail Family
Typha latifolia L., Broadleaf Cattail A

Selected plants surrounding the meadow:
*Artemisia tridentata Nutt., Great-basin Sagebrush, Big Sagebrush A
*Ericameria nausiosa (Pallas) G.L. Nesom & Baird, Rabbitbrush U
*Ericameria pinifolia (A. Gray) H.M. Hall, Pine-goldenbush , Pinebush R, s.c. area
Eriodictyon trichocalyx A.A. Heller, Smoothleaf Yerba Santa NC C
*Eriogonum sp. U, s.w. area
*Eriogonum sp. R, s.w. area
Fremontodendron californicum (Torrey) Cov., California Fremontia or Flannelbush NC R
*Lonicera sp. FC, mostly in n.e. area
Quercus chrysolepis Liebm., Maul Oak, Golden Cup Oak, Canyon Live Oak NC FC, mostly in n.e. area
*Quercus wislizeni A.DC., Interior Live Oak A

Additional plants recorded by other collectors:
Survey limited to areas w/n the yearly moist soil zone. Most records by F.W. Peirson from 1923 at Clyde Ranch were apparently taken in dry areas away from the meadow.
1. Castilleja miniata Dougl. ex Hook. ssp. miniata, Giant Red Paintbrush
F.W. Peirson Aug. 30, 1923 elev. 1494 m. Clyde Ranch
2. Helianthus nuttallii Torrey & A. Gray ssp. nuttallii
F.W. Peirson Aug. 30, 1923 elev. 1494 m. Clyde Ranch
3. Juncus torreyi Coville, Torrey’s Rush
F.W. Peirson Aug. 30, 1923 elev. 1494 m. Clyde Ranch
4. Lobelia cardinalis L.var. pseudosplendens Mc Vaugh, Cardinal Flower
L.C. Wheeler Oct. 14, 1967 Clyde Ranch
5. Petunia parviflora A.L. Juss, Petunia
L.C. Wheeler Oct. 14, 1967 Clyde Ranch
6. Ranunculus cymbalaria Purshvar. saximontanus, Rocky Mountain buttercup, Alkali Buttercup
L.C. Wheeler Oct. 14, 1967 Clyde Ranch
7. Solanum sarrachoides Sendtner
L.C. Wheeler Oct. 14, 1967 Clyde Ranch
8. Veronica anagalus-aquatica L., Water Speedwell
L.C. Wheeler Oct. 14, 1967 Clyde Ranch

Plants in order of abundance:
1. Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis
2. Agrostis stolonifera
3. Bromus tectorum
4. Typha latifolia
5. Melilotus indicus
6. Epilobium ciliatum
7. Solidago spectabilis
8. Asclepias fascicularis
9. Agrostis stolonifera
10. Eleocharis montividensis/parishii
11. Muhlenbergia asperifolia
12. Urtica dioica ssp. holosericia
13. Verbena lasiostachya
14. Marrubium vulgare
15. Salix lasiolepis

3. Day Canyon

Collection Dates:
August 30, 1994
February 18, 1995
November 14, 2008

Location:
San Bernardino County, Rancho Cucamonga, NW of Etiwanda Ave., ca. 0.5 mi. s. of mouth of Day Canyon, ca. 0.25 mi. e. of Day Canyon Debris Basin
Map Quad: Cucamonga Peak
Lat: 34 deg. 10 ‘ 18 “ N
Long: 117 deg. 31 ‘ 58 “ W
Township: 1 N
Range: 6 W
Section: 17, NE/4 of SW/4
Elevation: 2360 ft. (720 m.)
Meadow description:
seep area on fault, on gentle alluvial slope, dark gray, fine-grained soil

Plant Communities: meadow surrounded by coastal sage scrub

Species List:

Dicotyledons:

Apocynaceae Dogbane Family
Apocynum cannabinum., Indian Hemp R

Asteraceae Sunflower Family
Ambrosia psilostachya DC., Western Ragweed, Cuman Ragweed A
Artemisia douglasiana Besser, Mugwort, Douglas’ Sagewort FC, mostly far e. and w. areas
Artemisia dracunculus L., Tarragon FC
Baccharis emoryi A. Gray, Emory’s Baccharis FC
Baccharis salicifolia( Ruiz Lopez & Pavon) Pers., Mule Fat A
Corethrogyne filaginifolia (Hook. & Arn.) Nutt., California Aster (Sandaster) U
Ericameria pinifolia (A. Gray) H.M. Hall, Pine-goldenbush, Pinebush C
Euthamia occidentalis Nutt., Western Goldenrod or Goldentop, Western Flat-topped Goldenrod A
Helianthus annuus L., Annual Sunflower, Common Sunflower NC C
Lessingia glandulifera A. Gray var. glandulifera , Sticky Lessingia, Valley Lessingia
FC
Solidago californica Nutt., California Goldenrod FC

Brassicaceae Mustard Family
Hirschfeldia incana (L.) Lagr.-Fossat, Shortpod Mustard A

Chenopodiaceae Goosefoot Family
Chenopodium californica (S. Watson) S. Watson, California Goosefoot FC

Lamiaceae Mint Family
Marrubium vulgare L., Horehound U
Stachys albens A. Gray, Cobwebby Hedge-nettle, Whitestem Hedgenettle
A
Malvaceae Mallow Family
Malacothamnus fasciculatus (Torrey & A. Gray) E. Greene, Mendocino Bushmallow FC
Onagraceae Evening Primrose Family
Oenothera elata Kunth. ssp. hirsutissima (S. Watson) W. Dietr., Hooker’s Evening Primrose A

Rosaceae Rose Family
Rubus ursinus Cham. & Schidl., California Blackberry NC R, 1 pop in c.e. area

Urticaceae Nettle Family
Urtica dioica L. ssp. holosericia (Nutt.) Thorne, Hoary or Stinging Nettle A

Cyperaceae Sedge Family
Carex praegracilis W. Boott, Clustered Field Sedge C
Schoenoplectis sp. U, 1 pop. in s.c. area

Juncaceae Rush Family
Juncus arcticus Willd. ssp. littoralis (Engelm.) Hulten, Wire Rush, Mountain Rush
A

Poaceae Grass Family
Bromus madritensis L. ssp. rubens (L.) Husnot, Foxtail Chess, Red Brome FC
Cortederia sp. R, 4 plants, scattered
Muhlenbergia asperifolia (Nees & Meyer) L. Parodi, Scratchgrass U
Piptatherum miliaceum (L.) Cosson, Smilograss NC FC
Vulpia sp. A

Selected plants surrounding meadow:
(Most of these encroaching the meadow)

1. Artemisia californica Less., California Sagebrush, Coastal Sagebrush C
2. Croton californicus Mull. Arg., California Croton FC, west
3. Ericameria pinifolia (A. Gray) H.M. Hall, Pine-goldenbush, Pinebush A
4. Eriogonum fasciculatum Benth. var. foliolosum (Nutt.) Abrams, California Buckwheat, Eastern Mojave Buckwheat C
5. Opuntia littoralis (Engelm.), Cockerell, Coastal Pricklypear FC, east
6. Salvia apiana Jepson, White Sage C

Additional plants recorded by other collectors:
None were found.

Plants in order of abundance:
Created from observation on Nov. 14, 2008

1. Juncus arcticus ssp. littoralis
2. Euthamia occidentalis
3. Vulpia sp.
4. Urtica dioica ssp. holosericia (dried remnants recognizable)
5. Oenothera elata ssp. hirsutissima
6. Artemisia dracunculus
7. Ambrosia psilostachya
8. Hirschfeldia incana
9. Baccharis salicifolia
10. Helianthus annua